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北京外国语大学

2005年硕士研究生入学考试

基础英语试卷

Please write all the answers on the answer sheets.

Time Limit:3 hours

I. Reading Comprehension

This section contains two passages. Read each passage and then answer the questions given Passage One

Critics and supporters of the United Nations have sometimes seemed worlds apart. But since last year, almost all of them, whether multilateralist or unilateralist. American or European, have

The UN’s sorry state became most obvious with the Iraq war. Those favouring the War were furious that after a decade of Security Council resolutions, including the last-chance Resolution 1441 threatening “serious consequences” if Iraq did not prove its disarmament, the UN could not agree to act. Anti—war types were just as frustrated that the world body failed to stop the War. But Iraq was not the UN’ s only problem. It has done little to stop humanitarian disasters, such as the ongoing horror in Sudan. And it has done nothing to stop Iran’s and North Korea’s pursuit of nuclear weapons. composed mainly of former government ministers and heads of government, to suggest changes. These fall broadly into two categories: the institutional and the cultural. The former has got most of the headlines—particularly a call for changing the structure of the Security Council. But changes in the UN’s working practices are crucial. too. occupied by permanent, veto—wielding members(America, Russia, China, Britain and France)and third. biggest contributors to the UN budget, believe they are entitled to permanent seats. So does India, the world’s second—most —in spirit by the Africans, who want two seats for their continent. Germany, which would make Italy the only biggish European power without one.(It instead Charter.)Spanish-speaking Mexico and Argentina do not think Portuguese-speaking Brazil should represent Latin America, and Pakistan strongly opposes its rival India’s bid. As for potential African seats, Egypt claims one as the representative of the Muslim and Arab world. That would leave Nigeria, the continent’s most populous country, and South Africa, which is richer and a more stable democracy, fighting for the other.

The panel has proposed two alternatives. The first would give six countries(none is named